Circulating and protective means for steam-boilers.



F. ILLESCAS.

CIRCULATING AND PROTECTIVE MEANS FOR STEAM BOILERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY an 1916.

1,%38,7"7$ v Patented Sept. 4,1917

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AND PROTECTIVE MEANS FOR STEAM BOILERS.

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CIRCULATING VAPPLICATION FILED MAY 31. I916.

IIVl/EIUTOR flmazefca Miwew A TTORli/EVS FRANCISCO ILLESCAS, OF MEXICO, MEXICO.

CIRCULATING AND PROTECTIVE MEANS FOR STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 41, 1917.

Application filed May 31, 1916. Serial No. 100,780.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCISCO ILLnscAs, a Mexican citizen, residing in the city of Mexico, D. F., Republic of Mexico, have invented anew and Improved Circulating and Protective Means for Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In the use of steam boilers it frequently occurs that the scale from the exterior of the boiler tubes, and other solid matter, are deposited on the bottom of the boiler where the latter is subjected to the most intense heat, which results in the accumulated matter being burnt onto the boiler thereby causing deterioration of the latter to an extent to materially impair its efficiency besides involving danger of an explosion.

The prime object of my invention is to provide circulating and boiler protecting means that will prevent the deposits from being received directly upon the bottom of the boiler and cause such a circulation as will prevent the accumulation of the deposits within the boiler.

The invention will be particularly explained in the specific description following.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a boiler equipped with my improved protective and circulating means, the section being taken on the line 11, Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse vertical section on the line 22, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail in cross section on the line 3-3, Fig. 15

Fig. 4: is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 4.4, Fig. 5, showing the invention applied to a different form of boiler from that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged transverse vertical section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4.

In Figs. 1 and 2, my invention is applied to that type of tubular boiler in which the products of combustion pass from the fire box 10 over the bridge 11, thence through lateral flues 12 forwardly at the sides of the boiler through flues 13 and pass into the boiler tubes at the forward head 14 and out of the rear boiler head 15 and thence through the flues 16 through the outlet 17 to the chimney.

The boiler 18 which is of cylindrical multi-tubular type is, in carrying out my invention, tilted so that one end thereof is higher than the other. With boilers hav ing the flues arranged as in Figs. 1 and 2, the front end of the boiler is the higher.

provide a transversely curved diaphragm or partition 19 above the bottom of the boiler 18, the curvature being of greater radius than that of the boiler so that a crescent-shaped space 20 is formed between said diaphragm and the bottom of the boiler. The space 20 is open at one end as at 21, said end in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2 being toward the front boiler head 14. The partition 19 and space 20 terminate short of the said boiler head 14 and at the opposite end they terminate short of the rear boiler head 15. At the end of the space 20, adjacent to the boiler head 15, said space is closed by an end wall 22. At the open end 21 of the space 20, the diaphragm 19 preferably has an upturned flange 23 to direct the water escaping from the space 20 upwardly in the boiler.

To produce a circulation beneath the diaphragm 19, I provide a drum 2a which I designate generally as a mud drum and which, advantageously, may be cylindrical as clearly shown in Fig. 3. A pipe 25 establishes connection between the drum 2% and the water space of the boiler 18 outside of the space 20 and a return connection 26 leads from the drum 24 to the space 20 adjacent to the closed end 22 of said space.

The pipe 25 leading from the boiler to the drum 24: is of less diameter than the return pipe 26 and the drum 24 has a diameter very much larger than said return pipe; the result is that water will circulate between the drum and the boiler and will attain the maximum velocity in passing through the pipe 25 to the drum. It will have a less velocity in returning through the pipe 26 and in the drum 24 the water will have the minimum velocity.

An important purpose of the increased capacity of the return pipe 26 is served because of the fact that the circulating action created in the space 20 under the action of the heat, produces a suction in the pipe 26 and consequently, an unbalanced state of the water near the said pipe 26 in the mud drum and also in the pipe 25. If the potentiality of the suction due to the circulating action in the space 20 could be made Wholly effective at the entrance of the Water from the boiler to the pipe 25 that would be the ideal condition, but, this is not possible because only a fractionof the value of the suction in the pipe 26 is effective in the pipe 25 be cause of the losses caused by friction of the water upon the walls of the pipes and drum and also because of the changes of direction of the water in its trajectory. It is precisely to compensate for these losses and to obtain the maximum percentage of the value of the suction that the diameter of the pipe 26 is made greater than that "of the pipe 25.

Within the drum 24 is a longitudinally disposed bafiie 27 forming a shallow water passage between the top of the'said drum and baflie. The said passage isclosed-at one end 28, that is to say, at the forward end, adjacent to which the intake pipe connects with the drum. The baffle 27 terminates short of the rear end 29 of the drum and the return pipe connection 26 is at the opposite or forward end of said baffle. Adjacent to the forward end of the drum a transverse baffle plate is provided, rising from the bottom of the drum and terminating short of the top thereof.

By the described construction, scales from the water tubes and other foreign matter, gravitating in the boiler, willbe deposited on.the partition 19. The intense heat to which the bottom of the boiler is subjected, will cause a circulation of water in the space 20 toward the higher end of the latter and out of the open end 21 thereof toward the elevated front head 14. Thus, a flow of water will be induced outwardly from the boiler through the pipe 25 to and throughthe drum for return by the pipe 26. The high velocity of the flow through the pipe 25 will carry scales and other sol1d matter to the drum and the comparatively A high velocity in the drum above the baflie 27 will carry the said matter toward the rear end 29 of the drum. The minimum velocity 'of the water forwardly through the drum beneath the baflie 27, permits the matter in the water to be precipitated, the baffle plate j 30 being effective to arrest particles held in,

suspenslon and approaching the return connection 26.

Any accumulation of deposited matter that might occur on the partition 19 will not result in material injury to the boiler since the bottom of the latter is protected by the said partition and by the circulating space 20. v

The drum 29 may be blown out through a blow-off pipe 31 having a suitable valve 32 and, if desired, said blow-off pipe may have an extension 33 within the drum, said extension being slotted or perforated as in dicated by the dotted line 33 In orderto utilize the feed water for agitating any deposits on the partition 19, I continue the feed water pipe 34 downwardly through the boiler adjacent to the said partition 19 and terminate said feed pipe in a lateral bend 35 disposed toward the outflow pipe 25 from the bottom.

In the form shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the boiler is of a type in which the products of combustion pass from the fire box 10*. over the bridge 11, directly to the rear head 15 of the boiler and forwardly through the latter and through the front head 14 to the smoke box 17*, leading to a chimney as usual. In this form of the invention, the same elements are employed and in substantially the same relation only reversed with respect to the boiler ends; With this type, the boiler 18 is tilted upwardly at its rear end so that the rear head 15 is at a higher elevation than the front head. With this form of boiler-the -partition 19 provides a space 20 having the rear end 21 open to the interior of the boiler while the forward end 22 is closed. The outlet pipe 25 leads from the front end of the boiler through the drum "24 and the return connection 26 leads from the drum 24 to the space 20 adjacent to the closed forward end of said space. Thus, the circulation through the drum 24 above the partition 27 will be from front to rear of said drum as in the first construction while the circulation 95 within the boiler is rearwardly in the space 20 and forwardly above the partition 19. With this form the feed pipe 34 has its bent terminal 35 disposed forwardly toward the outlet 25. In Fig. 4 the char acter 31 indicates the blowofi pipe, 33* the extension thereof within the drum 24*, and 33 indicates the perforations in the said extension.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent: i

1. The combination with a steam boiler having a partition adjacent to the bottom of the boiler, forming a water-circulating space beneath said partition, said space being closed at one end and open at the opposite end, of a mud drum, an outlet from the interior of the boiler independent of said circulating space and connecting with the said 115 drum, and a return connection from the said drum to the'said circulating space of the boiler.

2. The combination with a steam boiler I having a partition adjacent to the bottom of 120 the boiler, forming a water-circulating space beneath said partition, said space being closed at one end and open at the opposite end, of. a mud drum, an outlet from the interior of {the boiler independent of said cir- 125 culating space and connecting with thesaid drum, and a return connection from the said drum to the said circulating space of the boiler; togetherwith a feed water pipe terminating adjacent to the said partition and having the inner end thereof disposed toward the said outlet.

3. The combination with a steam boiler, of a mud drum, and circulating connections between the said boiler and drum, the connections'leading from the boiler to the drum being of less diameter than the return connection from the drum to the boiler; together with a partition in the boiler at the bottom, the said return connection leading to the space beneath the partition.

4. The combination with a steam boiler, a partition therein adjacent to the bottom forming a water circulating space longitudinally of the boiler beneath the said partition, the said space being closed at one end and open at the other, a mud drum, a pipe leading from the boiler to the said drum independently of said circulating space of the boiler, a return connection from the drum to the said water circulating space of the boiler, and a partition in the drum and forming a water passage longitudinally thereof near the top, the said pipe leading from the boiler to the drum connecting with the said water passage of the drum near one end, said passage being in communication at its opposite end with the interior of the drum, and the said return connection leading from the opposite end of the drum beneath the partition of the boiler.

5-. The combination with a steam boiler, a partition' therein adjacent to the bottom forming a Water circulating space longitudinally of the boiler beneath the said partition, the said space being closed at one end and open at the other, a mud drum, a pipe leading from the boiler to the said drum independently of said circulating space of the boiler, a return connection from the drum to the said water circulating space of the boiler, and a partition in the drum and forming a water passage longitudinally there of near the top, the said pipe leading from the boiler to the drum connecting with the said water passage of the drum near one end, said passage being in communication at its opposite end with the interior of the drum, and the said return connection leading from the opposite end of the drum beneath the partition of the boiler; together with a transverse partition in the drum rising from the bottom thereof adjacent to the said return connection.

6. The combination with a steam boiler, a partition therein adjacent to the bottom forming a water circulating space longitudinally of the boiler beneath the said partition, the said space being closed at one end and open at the other, a mud drum, a pipe lead ing from the boiler to the said drum independently of said circulating space of the boiler,- a return connection from the drum to the said water circulating space of the boiler, and a partition in the drum and forming a water passage longitudinally thereof. near the top, the said pipe leading from the boiler to the drum connecting with the said water passage of the drum near one end, said passage being in communication at its opposite end with the interior of the drum, and the said return connection leading from the opposite end of the drum be neath the partition of the boiler; together with a transverse partition in the drum rising from the bottom thereof adjacent to the sa1d return connection, and a blow-ofi' pipe leading from the said drum.

FRANCISCO ILLESCAS. 

